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Višnuizam

S Vikipedije, slobodne enciklopedije
(preusmereno sa Vaishnavism)
Krišna pokazuje svoj višvarupa univerzalni oblik Ardžuna pre Kurukšetranskog rata.

Višnuizam ili vaišnavizam je jedan od glavnih hinduističkih denominacija zajedno sa šivizmom, šaktizmom, i smartizmom. Sledbenici se nazivaju višnuistima ili vaišnavistima. Ova denominacija smatra Višnu vrhovnim Bogom.[1][2]

Tradicija je karakteristična po svojoj doktrini avatara, u kojoj je Višnu cenjen u jednoj od mnogih različitih inkarnacija. Među njima, deset avatara Višne su najviše proučavani. Rama, Krišna, Narajana, Kalki, Hari, Vitoba, Kesava, Madava, Govinda, Srinatdži i Jaganat su među popularnim imenima koja se koriste za isto vrhovno biće.[3][4][5] Tradicija ima primetne korene počevši od prvog milenijuma pne, kao bagavatizam, koji se naziva i krišnaizam.[6] Kasniji razvoj koji je predvodio Ramananda stvorio je pokret orijentisan prema Rami, koji je sada najveća monaška grupacija u Aziji.[7][8] Tradicija višnuizma ima mnogo sampradaja (denominacija, podškola) u rasponu od Dvajta škole srednjovekovne ere Madvačarje do škole Višištadvajta u Ramanudži.[9][10]

Tradicija je poznata po predanosti avataru Višnu (često Krišna), a bila je ključna za širenje pokreta Bakti u Južnoj Aziji u 2. milenijumu pne.[11][12] Ključni tekstovi višnuizma uključuju Vede, Upanišade, Bagavad Gitu, Pankaratra (Agama) tekstove i Bagavata Puranu.[13][14][15][16]

Vidi još

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Reference

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  1. ^ Pratapaditya Pal (1986). Indian Sculpture: Circa 500 BCE- 700 CE. University of California Press. стр. 24—25. ISBN 978-0-520-05991-7. 
  2. ^ Stephan Schuhmacher (1994). The Encyclopedia of Eastern Philosophy and Religion: Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, Zen. Shambhala. стр. 397. ISBN 978-0-87773-980-7. 
  3. ^ Matchett 2001, стр. 3–9.
  4. ^ Anna King 2005, стр. 32–33.
  5. ^ Avinash Patra 2011, стр. 12–16, 25.
  6. ^ G. Widengren (1997). Historia Religionum: Handbook for the History of Religions - Religions of the Present. Boston: Brill Academic Publishers. стр. 270. ISBN 978-90-04-02598-1. 
  7. ^ Selva Raj and William Harman (2007), Dealing with Deities: The Ritual Vow in South Asia, State University of New York Press, ISBN 978-0791467084, pages 165-166
  8. ^ James G Lochtefeld (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 978-0823931804, pages 553-554
  9. ^ Beck 2012, стр. 76–77.
  10. ^ Jeaneane D. Fowler 2002, стр. 288–304, 340–350.
  11. ^ John Stratton Hawley (2015). A Storm of Songs. Harvard University Press. стр. 10—12, 33—34. ISBN 978-0-674-18746-7. 
  12. ^ James G Lochtefeld (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z, Rosen Publishing, ISBN 978-0823931804, pages 731-733
  13. ^ Flood 1996, стр. 121-122. sfn грешка: више циљева (2×): CITEREFFlood1996 (help)
  14. ^ F Otto Schrader (1973). Introduction to the Pāñcarātra and the Ahirbudhnya Saṃhitā. Adyar Library and Research Centre. стр. 2—21. ISBN 978-0-8356-7277-1. 
  15. ^ Klaus Klostermaier (2007), A Survey of Hinduism: Third Edition, State University of New York Press, ISBN 978-0791470824, pages 46-52, 76-77
  16. ^ Johnson, Todd M; Grim, Brian J (2013). The World's Religions in Figures: An Introduction to International Religious Demography. John Wiley & Sons. стр. 400. ISBN 9781118323038. 

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