Alis Gi-Blaš
Alis Ida Antoaneta Gi-Blaš (fr. Alice Guy; rođena Gaj; francuski izgovor: [alis gi blɑʃe] ; 1. jul 1873 — 24. mart 1968) bila je francuski pionir filma.[1] [2]Bila je jedan od prvih filmskih stvaralaca koji su snimili narativni igrani film,[3] kao i prva žena koja je režirala film. [2]Od 1896. do 1906. godine, verovatno je bila jedina žena filmski stvaralac na svetu.[4] Eksperimentisala je sa zvukom, kao i sa nijansiranjem boja, međurasnim livenjem i specijalnim efektima.[5]
Bila je umetnički direktor i suosnivač Solax Studios[2] u Flašingu, Njujork. Kao predsednik Solaksa, režirala je oko 45 filmova i nadgledala blizu 300 drugih produkcija. [2]Godine 1912. Solaks je uložio 100.000 dolara za novi studio u Fort Liju u Nju Džersiju, centru američkog filmskog stvaralaštva pre osnivanja Holivuda. Te godine je snimila film A Fool and His Money, verovatno prvi koji je imao afroameričku glumačku ekipu. Film se sada čuva u Nacionalnom centru za film i video zaštitu pri Američkom filmskom institutu zbog svog istorijskog i estetskog značaja.[6]
Izabrana filmografija[uredi | uredi izvor]
Ove filmove su producirali Gaumont (1896–1907), Solax (1910–1913) ili drugi (1914–1920).[7]
- La Fée aux Choux (The Fairy of the Cabbages; 1896)
- Le pêcheur dans le torrent (The fisherman in the stream; 1897)
- Le chiffonnier (1898)
- Danse serpentine (1900)
- Les Fredaines de Pierrette (1900)
- Les chiens savants (1902)
- Esméralda (1905) (based on the Victor Hugo novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame)
- Une histoire roulante (1906)
- The Birth, the Life and the Death of Christ (1906)
- Les Résultats du féminisme (1906)
- The Game-Keeper's Son (1906)
- Madame a des envies (1906)
- La barricade (1907)
- Fanfan la Tulipe (1907)
- One Touch of Nature (1910)
- The Sergeant's Daughter (1910)
- The Pawnshop (1910)
- Greater Love Hath No Man (1911)
- Algie the Miner (1912)
- Falling Leaves (1912)
- A Fool and His Money (1912)
- Making an American Citizen (1912)
- The Girl in the Armchair (1912)
- The Pit and the Pendulum (1913)
- Matrimony's Speed Limit (1913)
- A House Divided (1913)
- Shadows of the Moulin Rouge (1913)
- The Lure (1914)
- The Shooting of Dan McGrew (1915)
- The Vampire (1915)
- The Ocean Waif (1916)
- What Will People Say? (1916)
- The Adventurer (1917)
- The Empress (1917)
- The Great Adventure (1918)
- Tarnished Reputations (1920)[8]
Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]
- ^ „Overlooked No More: Alice Guy Blaché, the World's First Female Filmmaker”. The New York Times (na jeziku: engleski). 2019-09-06. ISSN 0362-4331. Pristupljeno 2022-05-19.
- ^ a b v g Mišić, Milan, ur. (2005). Enciklopedija Britanika. V-Đ. Beograd: Narodna knjiga : Politika. str. 108. ISBN 86-331-2112-3.
- ^ „Alice Guy-Blaché”. Biography.com. A&E Television Networks. Pristupljeno 25. 2. 2018.
- ^ „Alice Guy-Blaché”. Women Film Pioneers Project. Arhivirano iz originala 23. 06. 2019. g. Pristupljeno 25. 2. 2018.
- ^ Weitzman, Elizabeth (26. 4. 2019). „A Century Late, a Giant of Early Cinema Gets Her Closeup”. The New York Times. Pristupljeno 29. 4. 2019.
- ^ „AFI FEST”. Arhivirano iz originala 23. 10. 2019. g. Pristupljeno 25. 2. 2018.
- ^ Dietrick 2017, str. 1, 3–326.
- ^ „Silent Era : Progressive Silent Film List”. Silent Era. 2021-01-01. Pristupljeno 2021-03-28.
Literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Acker, Ally (1991). Reel Women: Pioneers of the Cinema, 1896 to the Present
. New York: Continuum. ISBN 9780826405791. OCLC 644078883 — preko Internet Archive. Contains one chapter about Alice Guy Blaché. - Acker, Ally (2012). Reel Women: Pioneers of the Cinema, The First Hundred Years. New York, NY: Reel Women Media. ISBN 9781440489617. OCLC 1037267982. Contains one chapter about Alice Guy Blaché.
- Guy-Blaché, Alice (1996). Slide, Anthony, ur. The Memoirs of Alice Guy Blache. Prevod: Blache, Roberta; Blache, Simone. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810872745. OCLC 891930835 — preko Internet Archive. Updated as:
- Guy-Blaché, Alice (2022). Slide, Anthony, ur. The Memoirs of Alice Guy Blache
. Prevod: Blache, Roberta; Blache, Simone. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-5381-6551-5. OCLC 1294292954.
- Guy-Blaché, Alice (2022). Slide, Anthony, ur. The Memoirs of Alice Guy Blache
- Dietrick, Janelle (2016). Alice & Eiffel, A New History of Early Cinema and the Love Story Kept Secret for a Century. Portland, OR: BookBaby. ISBN 9781682227664. OCLC 941877015, 946975989.
- Dietrick, Janelle (2017). Illuminating Moments : the Films of Alice Guy Blache. Cork: BookBaby. ISBN 9781543911015. OCLC 1006407794.
- Dietrick, Janelle (2022). La Fée Aux Choux : Alice Guy's Garden of Dreams. Las Vegas, NV: Paradis Perdu Press. ISBN 9798986175300.
- Koszarski, Richard (1976). Hollywood directors, 1914-1940. Oxford University Press: London. ISBN 9780195020861. OCLC 863369819.
- McMahan, Alison J (1997). Madame a des envies (Madam has her cravings): A critical analysis of the short films of Alice Guy Blaché, the first woman filmmaker (PhD). Cincinnati, OH: Union Institute. ISBN 9781501340239. OCLC 781770689.
- McMahan, Alison (2002). Alice Guy Blaché: Lost Visionary of the Cinema. New York: Continuum. ISBN 9781501302695. OCLC 1201427000, 884280169.
- McMahan, Alison (2009). „Key Events and Dates: Alice Guy Blaché”. Ur.: Simon, Joan. Alice Guy Blaché: Cinema Pioneer. New Haven, CT; New York: Yale University Press; Whitney Museum of American Art. str. 124—131. ISBN 9780300152500. OCLC 317471816. See also: McMahan 2019
Dodatna literatura[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Guy-Blaché, Alice (1976). Autobiographie d'une pionnière du cinéma : 1873-1968 (na jeziku: francuski). Denoël-Gonthier. OCLC 1033084385. This contains many passages and words not translated into the English editions.
