Barbi
Barbi | |
---|---|
Osnovne informacije | |
Nadimak | Barbika |
Podaci o kreaciji | |
Prvo prik. | 9. mart 1959. |
Izmislio | Rut Handler |
Barbi (engl. Barbie), na srpskom govornom području poznata i kao Barbika, je modna lutka koju je proizvela američka kompanija Matel i prvi put se pojavila na tržištu u martu 1959. godine.[1] Preduzetnica Rut Handler zaslužna je za kreiranje lutke, a inspiracija joj je bila nemačka lutka Bild Lili.[2] Barbi je skoro 50 godina jedan od najprodavanijih proizvoda u industriji igračaka.[3] Tokom istorije Barbi je bila dostupna u različitim varijantama, prikazana u različitim životnim situacijama, u različitim zanimanjima, sa dodacima uključujući i ostale članove porodice i kolekcionarske lutke. Često je meta kritika zbog života i izgleda, a brend je učestvovao u mnogim tužbama zbog imitacija i parodiranja. Kasnije su snimljeni i animirani filmovi o njoj.
Brend se proširio na dugotrajnu multimedijalnu franšizu od kasnih 1980-ih, uključujući video igrice i CGI/kompjuterske animirane filmove, od kojih je potonje počelo 2001. godine, prvobitno je postao dostupno na kućnim video formatima i redovno se emitovalo na kablovskom kanalu Nikelodeon u SAD od 2002. do 2017. godine.[4] Od 2017. godine, franšiza je preneta na usluge strimovanja.[5][6][7]
Barbi i njen najbolji muški prijatelj Ken su opisani kao dve najpopularnije lutke na svetu.[8] Od svog lansiranja, Barbi je transformisala biznis igračaka u bogatim zajednicama širom sveta tako što je postala sredstvo za prodaju povezane robe (dodatna oprema, odeća, prijatelji i rođaci Barbike, itd). Pišući za Journal of Popular Culture1977, Don Ričard Koks je primetio da Barbi ima značajan uticaj na društvene vrednosti prenoseći karakteristike ženske nezavisnosti, i sa svojim mnoštvom dodataka, idealizovani, vrhunski način života koji se može deliti sa bogatim prijateljima.[9]
Prodaja Barbi lutaka naglo je opala od 2014. do 2016. godine.[3] Matel je 2020. prodao Barbi lutke i pribor za 1,35 milijardi dolara i ovo je bio njihov najbolji rast prodaje u dve decenije. Ovo je povećanje u odnosu na 950 miliona dolara za koliko je brend prodat tokom 2017.[10]
Istorija
[uredi | uredi izvor]Idejni tvorac Barbi lutke je bila Rut Handler, a njen suprug, Eliot Handler, je osnovao Matel kompaniju 1945. godine, koja je postala najveća svetska kompanija za proizvodnju igračaka. Njihova ćerka Barbara se rado igrala sa papirnim lutkama kao dete, pa je njena majka dobila ideju da napravi trodimenzionalnu lutku za devojčice. Prvobitno je želela da lutku nazove po imenu ćerke Barbara, ili nadimku Bab, ali su obe reči bile tada zaštićene autorskim pravima.[traži se izvor]
Kako je Handler navela, cela filozofija Barbike je da omogući devojčici da kroz igru sa njom može da bude šta god poželi. Prema njenim rečima, Barbika je uvek predstavljala činjenicu da žena ima izbor.[11]
Prva Barbi lutka je prikazana 9. marta 1959. godine na sajmu igračaka u Njujorku. Nosila je crno-beli kostim u dezenu zebre, i bila je dostupna u prodaji kao plavuša ili brineta. U prvoj godini je ukupno prodato 300.000 lutaka, a početna cena je iznosila tri dolara.[12]
Animirane serije
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Barbie Life in the Dreamhouse (2012 — 2015)
- Barbie Dreamtopia (2017 — 2018)
- Barbie: Dreamhouse Adventures (2018 — 2020)
- Barbie: It Takes Two (2022)
- Barbie Dreamhouse Mysteries! (mini epizode) (2022)
- Barbie Dream Vacation (mini epizode) (2023)
- Barbie: A Touch of Magic (2023—2024)
- Barbie: Dream Besties (mini epizode) (2024)
- Barbie Mysteries: The Great Horse Chase (2024)
Animirani filmovi o Barbi
[uredi | uredi izvor]Film | Godina | Režiser |
---|---|---|
Barbie and the Rockers: Out of This World | 1987 | Bernard Dejries |
Barbie and the Sensations: Rockin' Back to Earth | 1987 | Bernard Dejries |
Barbie in the Nutcracker | 2001 | Oven Harli |
Barbie as Rapunzel | 2002 | Oven Harli |
Barbie of Swan Lake | 2003 | Oven Harli |
Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper | 2004 | Vilijam Lau |
Barbie: Fairytopia | 2005 | Valter P. Martišius |
Barbie and the Magic of Pegasus | 2005 | Greg Ričardson |
Barbie Fairytopia: Mermaidia | 2006 | Vilijam Lau, Valter P. Martišius |
The Barbie Diaries | 2006 | Erik Fogel |
Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses | 2006 | Greg Ričardson |
Barbie Fairytopia: Magic of the Rainbow | 2007 | Vilijam Lau |
Barbie as the Island Princess | 2007 | Greg Ričardson |
Barbie: Mariposa | 2008 | Konrad Helten |
Barbie & the Diamond Castle | 2008 | Džino Nikel |
Barbie in A Christmas Carol | 2008 | Vilijam Lau |
Barbie Presents: Thumbelina | 2009 | Konrad Helten |
Barbie and the Three Musketeers | 2009 | Vilijam Lau |
Barbie in A Mermaid Tale | 2010 | Adam L.Vud |
Barbie: A Fashion Fairytale | 2010 | Vilijam Lau |
Barbie: A Fairy Secret | 2011 | Vilijam Lau |
Barbie: Princess Charm School | 2011 | Ezekiel Norton |
Barbie: A Perfect Christmas | 2011 | Mark Baldo |
Barbie in A Mermaid Tale 2 | 2012 | Vilijam Lau |
Barbie: The Princess & the Popstar | 2012 | Ezekiel Norton |
Barbie in the Pink Shoes | 2013 | Oven Harli |
Barbie: Mariposa & the Fairy Princess | 2013 | Vilijam Lau |
Barbie & Her Sisters in A Pony Tale | 2013 | Kiran Keli |
Barbie: The Pearl Princess | 2014 | Ezekiel Norton |
Barbie and the Secret Door | 2014 | Karen J.Lojd |
Barbie in Princess Power | 2015 | Ezekiel Norton |
Barbie in Rock'n Royals | 2015 | Karen J. Lojd |
Barbie & Her Sisters in The Great Puppy Adventure | 2015 | Endru Tan |
Barbie: Spy Squad | 2016 | Konrad Helten |
Barbie: Star Light Adventure | 2016 | Endru Tan |
Barbie & Her Sisters in A Puppy Chase | 2016 | Konrad Helten |
Barbie: Video Game Hero | 2017 | Konrad Helten, Zek Norton |
Barbie: Dolphin Magic | 2017 | Konrad Helten |
Barbie: Princess Adventure | 2020 | Konrad Helten |
Barbie & Chelsea: The Lost Birthday | 2021 | Kasandra Makaj |
Barbie: Big City, Big Dreams | 2021 | Skot Plejdel-Pirs |
Barbie: Mermaid Power | 2022 | Ron Majrik |
Barbie: Epic Road Trip | 2022 | Konrad Helten |
Barbie: Skipper and the Big Babysitting Adventure | 2023 | Stiv Dej |
Barbie: Stacie to the Rescue | 2024 | |
Barbie: Passport to Adventure | 2024 |
Igrani filmovi
[uredi | uredi izvor]Film | Godina | Režiser |
---|---|---|
Barbi | 2023 | Greta Gervig |
Reference
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ^ Javaid, Maham (25. 5. 2023). „Barbie's 'pornographic' origin story, as told by historians - A new trailer for the Barbie movie shows her visiting the real world. In reality, the doll was based on a German sex toy called Lilli.”. The Washington Post. Arhivirano iz originala 25. 5. 2023. g. Pristupljeno 26. 5. 2023.
- ^ „Barbie | History & Facts”. Encyclopedia Britannica (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 2021-03-03.
- ^ a b Ziobro, Paul (28. 1. 2016). „Mattel to Add Curvy, Petite, Tall Barbies: Sales of the doll have fallen at double-digit rate for past eight quarters”. Wall Street Journal. Pristupljeno 23. 9. 2020.
- ^ „Barbie shows signs of life as Mattel plots comeback”. Detroit Free Press. 18. 4. 2015. Pristupljeno 15. 1. 2017.
- ^ „Barbie in pop culture”. Barbie Media. Pristupljeno 27. 3. 2022.
- ^ Laurie, Virginia (22. 1. 2022). „The Legacy of the Barbie Cinematic Universe”. Study Breaks (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 5. 7. 2022.
- ^ „Barbie® Makes Music in Mattel Television's New Animated Movie”. Mattel Television (Saopštenje). Mattel. 1. 8. 2020. Arhivirano iz originala 7. 12. 2020. g. Pristupljeno 2. 11. 2020.
- ^ Norton, Kevin I.; Olds, Timothy S.; Olive, Scott; Dank, Stephen (1996-02-01). „Ken and Barbie at life size”. Sex Roles (na jeziku: engleski). 34 (3): 287—294. ISSN 1573-2762. S2CID 143568530. doi:10.1007/BF01544300.
- ^ Cox, Don Richard (1977). „Barbie and her playmates”. Journal of Popular Culture. 11 (2): 303—307. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3840.1977.00303.x..
- ^ Gilblom, Kelly (2021-02-24). „How a Barbie Makeover Led to a Pandemic Sales Boom”. Bloomberg News. Pristupljeno 2021-02-25.
- ^ „The History Of Barbie | Barbie”. barbie.mattel.com. Pristupljeno 2021-03-03.
- ^ Holland, Brynn (8. 3. 2019). „Barbie Through the Ages”. HISTORY (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 2021-03-03.
Literatura
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Glowka; et al. (2001). „Among the New Words”. American Speech. Project MUSE. 76 (1): 79—96. doi:10.1215/00031283-76-1-79.
- Best, Joel (1998). „Too Much Fun: Toys as Social Problems and the Interpretation of Culture”. Symbolic Interaction. 21 (2): 197—212. doi:10.1525/si.1998.21.2.197.
- BillyBoy* (1987). Barbie: Her Life & Times. Crown. ISBN 978-0-517-59063-8.
- Cox, Don Richard. (1977). „Barbie and her playmates.”. Journal of Popular Culture. 11 (2): 303—307. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3840.1977.00303.x.
- Miriam Forman-Brunell (2009). „Barbie in "LIFE": The Life of Barbie”. Journal of the History of Childhood and Youth. 2 (3): 303—311. S2CID 144665525. doi:10.1353/hcy.0.0073.
- Gerber, Robin (2009). Barbie and Ruth: The Story of the World's Most Famous Doll and the Woman Who Created Her. Collins Business. ISBN 978-0-06-134131-1.
- Karniol, Rachel; Tamara Stuemler-Cohen; Yael Lahav-Gur (2012). „Who Likes Bratz? The Impact of Girls' Age and Gender Role Orientation on Preferences for Barbie Versus Bratz.”. Psychology & Marketing. 29 (11): 897—906. doi:10.1002/mar.20572.
- Knaak, Silke, "German Fashion Dolls of the 50&60". Paperback www.barbies.de.
- Lord, M. G. (2004). Forever Barbie: the unauthorized biography of a real doll. New York: Walker & Co. ISBN 978-0-8027-7694-5.
- Plumb, Suzie, ur. (2005). Guys 'n' Dolls: Art, Science, Fashion and Relationships. Royal Pavilion, Art Gallery & Museums. ISBN 0-948723-57-2.
- Rogers, Mary Ann (1999). Barbie culture. London: SAGE Publications. ISBN 0-7619-5888-6.
- Sherman, Aurora M., and Eileen L. Zurbriggen. (2014). „'Boys can be anything': Effect of Barbie play on girls' career cognitions” (PDF). Sex Roles. 70 (5–6): 195—208. doi:10.1007/s11199-014-0347-y.
- Singleton, Bridget (2000). The Art of Barbie. London: Vision On. ISBN 0-9537479-2-1.
- Weissman, Kristin Noelle (1999). Barbie: The Icon, the Image, the Ideal: An Analytical Interpretation of the Barbie Doll in Popular Culture..
- Wepman, Dennis (2008). „Handler, Ruth”. American National Biography. ISBN 9780198606697.
- „Barbie in pop culture”. Barbie Media. Pristupljeno 27. 3. 2022.
- Laurie, Virginia (22. 1. 2022). „The Legacy of the Barbie Cinematic Universe”. Study Breaks (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 5. 7. 2022.
- „Barbie shows signs of life as Mattel plots comeback”. Detroit Free Press. 18. 4. 2015. Arhivirano iz originala 22. 10. 2021. g. Pristupljeno 20. 10. 2021.
- „List of movies and specials aired on Nickelodeon”. Nickandmore! (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 26. 3. 2022.
- Vered, Karen Orrl & Maizonniaux, Christèlel, "Barbie and the straight-to-DVD movie: pink post-feminist pedagogy", Feminist Media Studies. Apr 2017, Vol. 17 Issue 2, pp. 198-214. 17p.
- Still, Julie, "Feminist Barbie: Mattel's Remakes of Classic Tales", MP: A Feminist Journal Online. Oct 2010, Vol. 3 Issue 2, pp. 148-164. 17p.
- Ault, Susanne, "Girl Power Builds Barbie muscle: Mattel Takes Kids' Fave Forward with U Pact," Daily Variety (February 12, 2007). A11-A13.
- Orr, Lisa (2009). „'Difference That is Actually Sameness Mass-Reproduced,: Barbie Joins the Princess Convergence”. Jeunesse: Young People, Texts Cultures. 1 (1): 9—30.
- "Holding Back the Years." Marketing Week. Marketing Week, 14 Aug. 2008. Web. 22 Apr. 2009.
- Gogoi, Pallavi. "Mattel's Barbie Trouble." Business Week Online 18 July 2006: 7. Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 Mar. 2009.
- Netherby, Jennifer. "Doll Shape Shifts with Times." Daily Variety 9 Feb. 2007. LexisNexis. Web. 25 Oct. 2008.
- Schiller, Gail (2. 8. 2007). „Barbie, Hot Wheels, G.I. Joe toying with Hollywood”. The Hollywood Reporter. Penske Media Corporation. Pristupljeno 2. 2. 2022. „But it wasn’t until 2001 that Mattel started to get into productions of their own, mostly with direct-to-DVD content. Mattel launched its own in-house entertainment division that year and since then has sold 40 million copies of 10 Barbie DVD and VHS titles, generating more than $700 million in revenue.”
- "Barbie's Midlife Crisis." Brand Strategy 14 May 2004: 20+. LexisNexis. Web. 25 Oct. 2008.
- Mattel. "Mattel Incorporated Fourth Quarter 2008 Earnings Conference Call." Mattel. Mattel, 2 Feb. 2009. Web. 16 Mar. 2009.
- DeMott, Rick (13. 4. 2011). „Starz Animation Toronto Rebrands as Arc Productions”. Animation World Network. Pristupljeno 2. 2. 2022.
- Arrant, Chris (13. 4. 2011). „Starz Animation Toronto rebrands as Arc Productions Animation & Visual Effects”. Cartoon Brew. Pristupljeno 2. 2. 2022.
- Vlessing, Etan (14. 4. 2011). „Starz Animation Toronto rebrands as Arc Productions”. Kidscreen. Brunico Communications. Pristupljeno 2. 2. 2022.
- „Barbie™ Dreamtopia”. The Jerusalem Film & Television Fund. Pristupljeno 2. 2. 2022.
- „Barbie - Dreamtopia”. Snowball Studios. Pristupljeno 2. 2. 2022.
- „Snowball Barbie Dreamtopia Titles Animation”. Imaginar. Pristupljeno 2. 2. 2022.
- „Barbie - YouTube”. Barbie. Mattel. Pristupljeno 25. 7. 2022 — preko YouTube.
- „Fictional Barbie's real YouTube career”. Diggit Magazine (na jeziku: engleski). 2. 9. 2020. Pristupljeno 25. 7. 2022.
- Scott, Ellen (30. 5. 2017). „Why it's so powerful for Barbie to talk about mental health”. Metro (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 27. 3. 2022.
- Mitchell, Skylar (10. 10. 2020). „Barbie confronts racism in viral video and shows how to be a White ally”. CNN (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 27. 3. 2022.
- „Mattel and Warner Music Group Announce Exclusive Global Distribution Partnership” (Saopštenje). Mattel Corporate. 1. 5. 2020. Arhivirano iz originala 6. 2. 2022. g. Pristupljeno 4. 1. 2022.
- Forde, Eamonn (4. 5. 2020). „Warner Music Group signs distribution partnership with Mattel”. Music Ally. Pristupljeno 2. 2. 2022.
- Millman, Ethan (1. 5. 2020). „Warner Music's Newest Artists Are… Hot Wheels and Barbie”. Rolling Stone. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2022.
- Porter, Rick (21. 10. 2022). „Mattel Inks Netflix Deal, Sets Barbie Interactive Special (Exclusive)”. The Hollywood Reporter. Penske Media Corporation. Pristupljeno 21. 10. 2022.
- Adams, Timothy (21. 10. 2022). „Mattel Signs Deal With Netflix for More Barbie Programming”. Comic Book. Pristupljeno 9. 11. 2022.
- „Mattel, Netflix deal for Barbie interactive special”. The Economic Times. 22. 10. 2022. Pristupljeno 9. 11. 2022.
Spoljašnje veze
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Zvaničan sajt Barbike koji drži kompanija Matel
- Zvaničan sajt kolekcionara Barbika koji drži kompanija Matel
- St. Petersburg Times Floridian: "The doll that has everything – almost", an article by Susan Taylor Martin about the "Muslim Barbie"
- USA Today: Barbie at number 43 on the list of The 101 Most Influential People Who Never Lived
- The Telegraph: Doll power: Barbie celebrates 50th anniversary and toy world dominance
- NPR Audio Report: Pretty, Plastic Barbie: Forever What We Make Her
- Lawmaker Wants Barbie Banned in W.Va.; Local Residents Quickly React Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (27. februar 2014) March 3, 2009
- New York Times: Barbie: Doll, Icon Or Sexist Symbol? December 23, 1987
- Barbie's 50th Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (10. novembar 2010) – slideshow by The First Post
- Mattel shuts flagship Shanghai Barbie concept store March 7, 2011
- Making Cindy into Barbie? - BBC News, HEALTH (21 September 1998)
- Becoming Barbie: Living Dolls, Real Life Couple Are Models Of Plastic Perfection Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (18. januar 2008) - by Rebecca Leung (Aug. 6, 2004) CBS News
- Anna Hart, Introducing the new, realistic Barbie: 'The thigh gap has officially gone', The Telegraph website, January 28, 2016