Beda Poštovani

Beda Poštovani
Datum rođenja	673.
Mesto rođenja	Nortambrija
Datum smrti	26. maj 734
Mesto smrti	Džerou

Beda Poštovani (lat. Beda Venerabilis; 672—735), poznat i kao Sveti Bid, je bio engleski teolog i istoričar, pisac mnogobrojnih istorijskih i prirodnonaučnih dela i jedan od najobrazovanijih ljudi zapadne Evrope svog vremena.

Biografija

Beda Poštovani

Beda se rodio na imanju manastira Džerou u Engleskoj, gde je i stekao obrazovanje, a kasnije postao i opat. Tu i u susednom benediktanskom manastiru Vermut je proveo čitav život. Posvećeno se borio protiv irskih monaha u Engleskoj koji su se opirali uticaju Rima i uspostavljanja rimske crkvene hijerarhije na tom prostoru.

Dela

De natura rerum, 1529

Kao plod njegovog rada na tom polju, 731. godine nastalo je delo „Historia ecclesiastica gentis anglorum“ („Crkvena istorija engleskog naroda“) u pet knjiga. Delu nedostaje jedna misao vodilja, jer ono sadrži najrazličitija obaveštenja iz crkvene istorije koja su grupisana po hronološkom redu. Beda je koristio sve izvore koji su mu bili dostupni, a pisao je živo, trezveno i tačno. Delo svedoči o kulturnom nivou Engleske u 7. i 8. veku. Kao dopuna mu služi knjižica „Vita beatorum abbatum Wiremuthensium et Girvensium“ („Život blaženih opata manastira Vermut i Džerou“). To su biografije četiri opata manastira u kojima je Beda živeo.

Bedino drugo značajno delo je „Chronicon de sex aetatibus mundi“ („Hronika o šest doba sveta“). Poseban deo ove hronike bavi se računanjem vremena i nosi naziv „De temporum ratione“ („O smislu vremena“). Sastavljen je 727. godine. Sama hronika je kompilativnog karaktera i prerađuje ranije pisce. Kao dodatak, ovoj hronici pripada i jedan martirologij (spis o svecima mučenicima). Sem istorijskih, Beda je pisao i dela iz oblasti matematike, astronomije i drugih prirodnih nauka, kao i dela iz oblasti muzike.

Literatura

• Bede (c. 860). „St. Gallen Stiftsbibliothek Cod. Sang. 254. Jerome, Commentary on the Old Testament book of Isaiah. Includes the most authentic version of the Old English "Death Song" by the Venerable Bede”. Europeana Regia. Arhivirano iz originala 3. 12. 2013. g. Pristupljeno 5. 6. 2013. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
•  ———  (1896). Plummer, C, ur. Hist. eccl. · Venerabilis Baedae opera historica. 2 vols. 
•  ———  (1969). Colgrave, Bertram; Mynors, R.A.B., ur. Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-822202-6.  (Parallel Latin text and English translation with English notes.)
•  ———  (1985). David Hurst, ur. The Commentary on the Seven Catholic Epistles of Bede the Venerable. Cistercian Publications. ISBN 9780879078829. 
•  ———  (1991). D. H. Farmer, ur. Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Prevod: Leo Sherley-Price. Revised by R.E. Latham. London: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-044565-7. 
•  ———  (1994). McClure, Judith; Collins, Roger, ur. The Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-283866-7. 
•  ———  (1943). Jones, C.W., ur. Bedae Opera de Temporibus. Cambridge, MA: Mediaeval Academy of America. 
•  ———  (2004). Bede: The Reckoning of Time. Prevod: Wallis, Faith. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-693-1. 
•  ———  (2011). On the Song of Songs and selected writings. The Classics of Western Spirituality. Prevod: Holder, Arthur G. New York: Paulist Press. ISBN 978-0-8091-4700-7.  (contains translations of On the Song of Songs, Homilies on the Gospels and selections from the Ecclesiastical history of the English people).
• The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Prevod: Swanton, Michael James. New York: Routledge. 1998. ISBN 978-0-415-92129-9. 
• Abels, Richard (1983). „The Council of Whitby: A Study in Early Anglo-Saxon Politics”. Journal of British Studies. 23 (1): 1—25. JSTOR 175617. doi:10.1086/385808. 
• Behr, Charlotte (2000). „The Origins of Kingship in Early Medieval Kent”. Early Medieval Europe. 9 (1): 25—52. doi:10.1111/1468-0254.00058. 
• Blair, Peter Hunter (1990). The World of Bede (Reprint of 1970 izd.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-39819-0. 
• Brooks, Nicholas (2006). „From British to English Christianity: Deconstructing Bede's Interpretation of the Conversion”. Ur.: Howe, Nicholas; Karkov, Catherine. Conversion and Colonization in Anglo-Saxon England. Tempe: Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies. str. 1—30. ISBN 978-0-86698-363-1. 
• Brown, George Hardin (1987). Bede, the Venerable. Boston: Twayne. ISBN 978-0-8057-6940-1. 
•  ———  (1999). „Royal and Ecclesiastical rivalries in Bede's History”. Renascence. 51 (1): 19—33. doi:10.5840/renascence19995213. 
• Campbell, J. (23. 9. 2004). „Bede (673/4–735)”. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/1922. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza) (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
• Cannon, John; Griffiths, Ralph (1997). The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Monarchy. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-822786-1. 
• Chadwick, Henry (1995). „Theodore, the English Church, and the Monothelete Controversy”. Ur.: Lapidge, Michael. Archbishop Theodore. Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England #11. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. str. 88—95. ISBN 978-0-521-48077-2. 
• Colgrave, Bertram; Mynors, R.A.B. (1969). „Introduction”. Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-822202-6. 
• Declercq, Georges (2000). Anno Domini (The Origins of the Christian Era). Turnhout: Brepols. ISBN 9782503510507. 
• Dorey, T.A. (1966). Latin Historians. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 
• Farmer, David Hugh (1978). The Oxford Dictionary of Saints. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-282038-9. 
•  ———  (2004). The Oxford Dictionary of Saints (Fifth izd.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-860949-0. 
• Fleming, Robin (2011). Britain after Rome: The Fall and the Rise, 400 to 1070. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-014823-7. 
• Goffart, Walter A. (1988). The Narrators of Barbarian History (A.D. 550–800): Jordanes, Gregory of Tours, Bede, and Paul the Deacon. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-05514-5. 
• Higham, N.J. (2006). (Re-)Reading Bede: The Historia Ecclesiastica in Context. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-35368-7. 
• Higham, N.J. (2013). „Bede's Agenda in Book IV of the 'Ecclesiastical History of the English People': A Tricky Matter of Advising the King”. Journal of Ecclesiastical History. 64 (3): 476—493. S2CID 159608095. doi:10.1017/s0022046913000523. 
• Kendall, Calvin B. (2010). „Bede and Education”. Ur.: DeGregorio, Scott. The Cambridge Companion to Bede. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. str. 99—112. ISBN 9781139825429. 
• Laistner, M.L.W. (1935). „The Library of the Venerable Bede”. Ur.: A. Hamilton Thompson. Bede: His Life, Times and Writings: Essays in Commemoration of the Twelfth Century of his Death. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 9780198223177. 
• Lapidge, Michael (2005). „Poeticism in Pre-Conquest Anglo-Latin Prose”. Ur.: Reinhardt, Tobias; et al. Aspects of the Language of Latin Prose. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-726332-7. 
• Loyn, H.R. (1962). Anglo-Saxon England and the Norman Conquest. Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-48232-6. 
• McCready, William D. (1994). Miracles and the Venerable Bede: Studies and Texts. Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies #118. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. ISBN 978-0-88844-118-8. 
• Mayr-Harting, Henry (1991). The Coming of Christianity to Anglo-Saxon England. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 978-0-271-00769-4. 
• Meyvaert, Paul (1996). „Bede, Cassiodorus, and the Codex Amiatinus”. Speculum. Medieval Academy of America. 71 (4): 827—883. JSTOR 2865722. S2CID 162009695. doi:10.2307/2865722. 
• Mosshammer, Alden A. (2008). The Easter Computus and the Origins of the Christian Era. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199543120. 
• Obermair, Hannes (2010). „Novit iustus animas. Ein Bozner Blatt aus Bedas Kommentar der Sprüche Salomos” (PDF). Concilium Medii Aevi. Edition Ruprecht. 31: 45—57. ISSN 1437-904X. 
• Opland, Jeff (1980). Anglo-Saxon Oral Poetry: A Study of the Traditions. New Haven and London: Yale U.P. ISBN 978-0-300-02426-5. 
• Ray, Roger (2001). „Bede”. Ур.: Lapidge, Michael; et al. Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England. Malden, MA: Blackwell. str. 57—59. ISBN 978-0-631-22492-1. 
• Rowley, Sharon M. (2017). „Bede”. Ur.: Echard, Sian; Rouse, Robert. The Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature in Britain. John Wiley & Sons. str. 257—264. ISBN 978-1118396988. 
• Stenton, F.M. (1971). Anglo-Saxon England (Third izd.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-280139-5. 
• Thacker, Alan (1998). „Memorializing Gregory the Great: The Origin and Transmission of a Papal Cult in the 7th and early 8th centuries”. Early Medieval Europe. 7 (1): 59—84. doi:10.1111/1468-0254.00018. 
• Thompson, A. Hamilton (1969). Bede: His Life, Times and Writings: Essays in Commemoration of the Twelfth Century of his Death. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 
• Tyler, Damian (april 2007). „Reluctant Kings and Christian Conversion in Seventh-Century England”. History. 92 (306): 144—161. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.2007.00389.x. CS1 održavanje: Format datuma (veza)
• Wallace-Hadrill, J.M. (1988). Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People: A Historical Commentary. Oxford Medieval Texts. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-822269-9. 
• Ward, Benedicta (1990). The Venerable Bede. Harrisburg, PA: Morehouse Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8192-1494-2. 
•  ———  (2001). „Bede the Theologian”. Ur.: Evans, G.R. The Medieval Theologians: An Introduction to Theology in the Medieval Period. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. str. 57—64. ISBN 978-0-631-21203-4. 
• Whiting, C.E. (1935). „The Life of the Venerable Bede”. Ur.: A. Hamilton Thompson. Bede: His Life, Times and Writings: Essays in Commemoration of the Twelfth Century of his Death. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 9780198223177. 
• Whitelock, Dorothy (1976). „Bede and his Teachers and Friends”. Ur.: Gerald Bonner. Famulus Christi: Essays in Commemoration of the Thirteenth Centenary of the Birth of the Venerable Bede. SPCK. 
• Wormald, Patrick (1999). The Making of English Law: King Alfred to the Twelfth Century. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-13496-1. 
• Wright, J. Robert (2008). A Companion to Bede: A Reader's Commentary on The Ecclesiastical History of the English People. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0-8028-6309-6. 
• Yorke, Barbara (2006). The Conversion of Britain: Religion, Politics and Society in Britain c. 600–800. London: Pearson/Longman. ISBN 978-0-582-77292-2. 
• Zuidhoek, Jan (2019). Reconstructing Metonic 19-year Lunar Cycles (on the basis of NASA's Six Millennium Catalog of Phases of the Moon). Zwolle: JZ. ISBN 978-9090324678. 
• Story, Joanna; Bailey, Richard (2015). „The Skull of Bede”. The Antiquaries Journal. 95: 325—350. S2CID 163360680. doi:10.1017/s0003581515000244. 

Spoljašnje veze

• Dickinson College Commentaries: Historia Ecclēsiastica
• Beda Poštovani na sajtu Projekat Gutenberg (jezik: engleski)
• Beda Poštovani na sajtu Internet Archive (jezik: engleski)
• Beda Poštovani na sajtu LibriVox (jezik: engleski)
• Bede's World: the museum of early medieval Northumbria at Jarrow
• The Venerable Bede from In Our Time (BBC Radio 4)
• Ecclesiastical History of the English People Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (30. avgust 2009), Books 1–5, L.C. Jane's 1903 Temple Classics translation. From the Internet Medieval Sourcebook.
• Bede's Ecclesiastical History and the Continuation of Bede (pdf), at CCEL, edited & translated by A.M. Sellar.
• Saint Bede Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (5. decembar 2010), complete works, in Latin, with historical works also in English at The Online Library of Liberty
• Dionysius Exiguus' Paschal table