Drugi hram

Drugi hram (hebr. בֵּית־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ הַשֵּׁנִי, Beit HaMikdash HaSheni), poznat i kao Irodov hram, bio je jevrejski sveti hram, koji se nalazio na Hramovnoj gori u Jerusalimu, između oko 516. godine p. n. e. i 70. godine n. e. Po njemu je ime dobio Period Drugog hrama.

Prema Tanahu (Stari zavjet), zamijenio je Solomonov hram (Prvi hram),^[1] koji je tokom opsade Jerusalima uništilo Novovavilonsko carstvo 586. godine p. n. e, nakon čega je dio stanovništva Kraljevstva Judeje deportovan u Vavilon.

Prema Bibliji, Drugi hram je prvobitno bio prilično skromna građevina koju si izgradili brojni jevrejski povratnici u Levant iz vavilonskog ropstva pod upravom ahemedinskog guvernera Zorovavelja. Međutim, tokom vladavine Iroda Velikog, Drugi hram je potpuno obnovljen, a prvobitna struktura je potpuno preuređena u velika i veličanstvena zdanja i fasade koje su prepoznatljivije. Kako su Vavilonci uništili Prvi hram, Rimljani su uništili Drugi hram i Jerusalim oko 70. godine n. e. kao odmazda za pobunu Jevreja. Drugi hram je postojao ukupno 585 godina.^[2]^[3]

Jevrejska eshatologija uključuje vjerovanje da će Drugi hram biti zamijenjen budućim Trećim hramom.

Vidi još

Reference

^ Schiffman, Lawrence H. (2003). Understanding Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism (na jeziku: engleski). KTAV Publishing House, Inc. str. 48—49. ISBN 978-0-88125-813-4. Pristupljeno 2. 1. 2021.
^ Ezra 6:15,16
^ Based on regnal years of Darius I, brought down in Richard Parker & Waldo Dubberstein's Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75, Brown University Press: Providence 1956, p. 30. However, Jewish tradition holds that the Second Temple stood for only 420 years, i.e. from 352 BCE – 68 CE. See: Hadad, David (2005). Sefer Maʻaśe avot (na jeziku: hebrejski) (4 izd.). Beer Sheba: Kodesh Books. str. 364. OCLC 74311775. (with endorsements by Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, Rabbi Shlomo Amar, and Rabbi Yona Metzger); Sar-Shalom, Rahamim (1984). She'harim La'Luah Ha'ivry (Gates to the Hebrew Calendar) (na jeziku: hebrejski). Tel-Aviv. str. 161 (Comparative chronological dates). OCLC 854906532. ; Maimonides (1974). Sefer Mishneh Torah - HaYad Ha-Chazakah (Maimonides' Code of Jewish Law) (na jeziku: hebrejski). 4. Jerusalem: Pe'er HaTorah. str. 184–185 [92b–93a] (Hil. Shmitta ve-yovel 10:2–4). OCLC 122758200. „According to this calculation, this year which is one-thousand, one-hundred and seven years following the destruction, which year in the Seleucid era counting is [today] the 1,487th year (corresponding with Tishri 1175–Elul 1176 CE), being the year 4,936 anno mundi, it is a Seventh Year [of the seven-year cycle], and it is the 21st year of the Jubilee" (END QUOTE). = the destruction occurring in the lunar month of Av, two months preceding the New Year of 3,829 anno mundi.”

[1] Schiffman, Lawrence H. (2003). Understanding Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism (na jeziku: engleski). KTAV Publishing House, Inc. str. 48—49. ISBN 978-0-88125-813-4. Pristupljeno 2. 1. 2021.

[2] Ezra 6:15,16

[3] Based on regnal years of Darius I, brought down in Richard Parker & Waldo Dubberstein's Babylonian Chronology, 626 B.C.–A.D. 75, Brown University Press: Providence 1956, p. 30. However, Jewish tradition holds that the Second Temple stood for only 420 years, i.e. from 352 BCE – 68 CE. See: Hadad, David (2005). Sefer Maʻaśe avot (na jeziku: hebrejski) (4 izd.). Beer Sheba: Kodesh Books. str. 364. OCLC 74311775. (with endorsements by Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, Rabbi Shlomo Amar, and Rabbi Yona Metzger); Sar-Shalom, Rahamim (1984). She'harim La'Luah Ha'ivry (Gates to the Hebrew Calendar) (na jeziku: hebrejski). Tel-Aviv. str. 161 (Comparative chronological dates). OCLC 854906532. ; Maimonides (1974). Sefer Mishneh Torah - HaYad Ha-Chazakah (Maimonides' Code of Jewish Law) (na jeziku: hebrejski). 4. Jerusalem: Pe'er HaTorah. str. 184–185 [92b–93a] (Hil. Shmitta ve-yovel 10:2–4). OCLC 122758200. „According to this calculation, this year which is one-thousand, one-hundred and seven years following the destruction, which year in the Seleucid era counting is [today] the 1,487th year (corresponding with Tishri 1175–Elul 1176 CE), being the year 4,936 anno mundi, it is a Seventh Year [of the seven-year cycle], and it is the 21st year of the Jubilee" (END QUOTE). = the destruction occurring in the lunar month of Av, two months preceding the New Year of 3,829 anno mundi.”

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