Imperator

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Imperator (od lat. imperator, preko starofrancuskog empereor) muški je monarh i suvereni vladar imperije. Imperatorka je ženski ekvivalent s tim što može označavati i suprugu imperatora, odnosno majku. Titula imperatora se uglavnom smatra višom od kralja. Japanski imperator je jedini vladajući monarh na svetu čija se titula na engleski jezik prevodi kao imperator s tim što se u srpskom jeziku naziva car. Generalno je poznato da carevi imaju najviše monarhijske počasti i rang, nadmašujući kraljeve. U Evropi se titula cara koristila od srednjeg veka, smatrajući se u to vreme jednakim ili gotovo jednakim dostojanstvom papinom zbog njegovog položaja kao vidljivog poglavara crkve i duhovnog vođe katoličkog dela Zapadne Evrope. Japanski car je jedini trenutno vladajući monarh čija je titula prevedena na engleski kao „car”, iako nema nikakvu političku moć, niti je Japan carstvo.

Carevi i kraljevi su monarsi, ali car i carica smatraju se višim monarhijskim titulama. Koliko god da postoji stroga definicija cara, to je da car nema odnose koji impliciraju superiornost bilo kog drugog vladara i tipično vlada nad više od jednog naroda. Stoga bi kralj mogao biti obavezan da plati danak drugom vladaru, ili da bude suzdržan u svojim postupcima na neki nejednak način, dok be car u teoriji trebalo da bude potpuno oslobođen takvih ograničenja. Međutim, monarsi na čelu imperija nisu uvek koristili titulu u svim kontekstima - britanski suveren nije preuzeo titulu carice Britanskog carstva čak ni tokom inkorporacije Indije, iako je proglašena caricom Indije.

Literatura

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Spoljašnje veze

• De Imperatoribus Romanis
• Rulers of Rome Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (19. oktobar 2021)
• "Decadence, Rome and Romania, and the Emperors Who Weren't", by Kelley L. Ross, Ph.D.
• UNRV.com
• The Roman Law Library Arhivirano na sajtu Wayback Machine (31. avgust 2012)
• List of Greatest Roman Emperors
• Emperors of Rome