Sirijus
Sirijus (αCMa) je najsjajnija zvezda noćnog neba posmatrano sa Zemlje, sa prividnom veličinom (magnitudom) od −1,47. Nalazi se u sazvežđu Veliki pas (Canis Maior). Sirijus je vidljiv zimi, u kasnu jesen pred jutro i u rano proleće nakon sumraka, i to sa cele južne polulopte i sa severne polulopte na geografskim širinama ne većim od 75°. Koordinate su mu: 6 sati 43 minute (rektascenzija) i -16° 35' (deklinacija). Na zimskom nebu se može najlakše pronaći ukoliko pratimo pravu određenu trima zvezdama u pojasu sazvežđa Orion ka jugoistoku. Svako nebesko telo, na noćnom nebu, sjajnije od Sirijusa je zasigurno planeta (ukoliko se ne radi o meteoru, kometi, avionu...). Zvezda Sirijus je udaljena od nas 8,7 s. g., dok godišnja paralaksa ove zvezde iznosi 0,375".[25]
Sirijus je bela zvezda, spektralne klase A. Relativno je mlada zvezda. Blizu sazvežđa Veliki Pas u kome je Sirijus, nalazi se sazvežđe Mali Pas (Canis Minor). Po mitologiji ova dva psa verno prate Oriona, velikog lovca. Orion se nalazi ispred ova dva sazvežđa, tako da sva tri zauzimaju veliki deo neba, na kome su mnogi zanimljivi objekti za astronomska posmatranja. Poznata je i pod narodnim nazivom Volarica.
Sirijus izgleda svetlo zbog svoje unutrašnje luminoznosti i blizine Sunčevom sistemu. Na udaljenosti od 2,64 pc (8,6 ly), sistem Sirijus je jedan od najbližih suseda Zemlje. Sirijus se postepeno približava Sunčevom sistemu, te se očekuje da će u narednih 60.000 godina blago povećati svetlinu. Nakon tog vremena, njegova udaljenost će početi da se povećava i postaće sve manje sjajan, ali će nastaviti da bude najsjajnija zvezda na noćnom nebu Zemlje otprilike sledećih 210.000 godina.[26]
Reference
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Literatura
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Brosch, Noah (2008). Sirius Matters. Astrophysics and Space Science Library. 354. ISBN 978-1-4020-8318-1. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-8319-8_10.
- Holberg, J.B. (2007). Sirius: Brightest Diamond in the Night Sky. Chichester, UK: Praxis Publishing. ISBN 978-0-387-48941-4.
- Makemson, Maud Worcester (1941). The Morning Star Rises: An Account of Polynesian Astronomy. Yale University Press. Bibcode:1941msra.book.....M.
- Barker, Tho.; Stukeley, W. (1760). „Remarks on the Mutations of the Stars”. Philosophical Transactions. 51: 498—504. JSTOR 105393. doi:10.1098/rstl.1759.0049
.
Spoljašnje veze
[uredi | uredi izvor]- NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Sirius B in x-ray (6 October 2000)
- „Sirius Matters: Alien Contact”. Chandra X-ray Center. 28. 11. 2000. Pristupljeno 21. 3. 2021.
- Sankey, John. „Getting Sirius About Time”. www.johnsankey.ca. Pristupljeno 21. 3. 2021.