Frenk Zapa
Frensis Zapa | |
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![]() Frenk Zapa u Oslu, Norveška, 1977 | |
Lični podaci | |
Puno ime | Frensis Vinsent Zapa |
Ime po rođenju | Frank Vincent Zappa |
Datum rođenja | 21. decembar 1940. |
Mesto rođenja | Baltimor, SAD |
Datum smrti | 4. decembar 1993.52 god.) ( |
Mesto smrti | Los Anđeles, SAD |
Uzrok smrti | kancer |
Prebivalište | Amerika |
Državljanstvo | amerikanac |
Zanimanje |
|
Porodica | |
Supružnik | Kej Šerman (1960—1963) Gejl Zapa |
Deca | 4 |
Muzički rad | |
Aktivni period | 1955—1993 |
Žanr | Psihodelični rok, progresivni rok, fjužn, hard rok, bluz, džez |
Instrument | gitara, vokal |
Ostalo | |
Nagrade | Gremi nagrada za životno delo Uvršten u Dvoranu slavnih rokenrola |
Veb-sajt | zappa |
Frensis Vinsent Zapa (engl. Frank Vincent Zappa; Baltimor, 21. decembar 1940 — Los Anđeles, 4. decembar 1993) bio je američki muzičar, satiričar, gitarista, tekstopisac i pevač.[1]
Biografija
[uredi | uredi izvor]Njegovi roditelji su bili iz Sicilije. Zapina muzička karijera trajala je 30 godina, a započeo ju je 1956. godine u tinejdžerskom sastavu The Blackouts.[2] Tokom tog razdoblja Zapa se pokazao kao vrstan kompozitor, gitarista i vođa sastava. S njim su uvek nastupali veliki muzičari, a u pratećem sastavu obično je imao oko devet svirača. Početkom 1960-ih osnovao je rok sastav The Mothers of Invention s kojim je ostvario brojnu diskografiju.[3] Zapa je takođe režirao dugometražne filmove i muzičke spotove i dizajnirao naslovne strane albuma. On se smatra jednim od najinovativnijih i stilski najraznovrsnijih rok muzičara svoje ere.[4][5] Umro je 1993. od raka.[6]
Kao ostvarenja samoukog kompozitora i izvođača, Zapini raznoliki muzički uticaji doveli su do stvaranja muzike koju je ponekad bilo teško kategorisati. Dok je bio tinejdžer, razvio je interes za klasični modernizam 20. veka, afroamerički ritam i bluz i muziku du-vopa.[7] Klasičnu muziku počeo je da piše u srednjoj školi, dok je istovremeno svirao bubnjeve u ritam i bluz bendovima, kasnije prelazeći na električnu gitaru. Njegov debitantski album iz 1966. godine sa the Mothers of Invention, Freak Out!, kombinovao je pesme u konvencionalnog rokenrol formata sa kolektivnim improvizacijama i studijski generisanim zvučnim kolažima. On je nastavio ovaj eklektični i eksperimentalni pristup nezavisno od toga da li je osnovni format bio rok, džez ili klasika.
Zapin rezultat je objedinjen konceptualnim kontinuitetom koji je nazivao „Projekat/objekat“, sa brojnim muzičkim frazama, idejama i likovima koji se ponovo pojavljuju u njegovim albumima.[1] Njegovi tekstovi odražavali su njegove ikonoklastičke stavove o uspostavljenim društvenim i političkim procesima, strukturama i pokretima, često duhovito, i opisivan je kao „kum“ komičnog roka.[8] On je bio oštar kritičar redovnog obrazovanja i organizovane religije, i iskreni i strastveni zagovornik slobode govora, samoobrazovanja, političkog učešća i ukidanja cenzure. Za razliku od mnogih drugih rok muzičara njegove generacije, nije odobravao drogu, ali je podržavao njihovu dekriminalizaciju i regulativu.
Zapa je bio visoko produktivan i plodan umetnik sa kritičkim stavom; pristalice njegove muzike divile su se njenoj kompozicionoj složenosti, dok su kritičari isticali da mu nedostaje emocionalna dubina. On je postigao izvestan komercijalni uspeh, posebno u Evropi, i veći deo svoje karijere radio je kao nezavisni umetnik.
Zapa i dalje ima veliki uticaj na muzičare i kompozitore. Njegove počasti uključuju uvođenje u Dvoranu slavnih rokenrola 1995. godine i nagradu Gremi za životno delo 1997. godine. Godine 2000, on je rangiran na 36. mestu VH1 spiska 100 najvećih izvođača hard roka.[9] Časopis Roling stoun ga je 2004. rangirao na 71. mesto na listi „100 najvećih umetnika svih vremena“,[10] a 2011. na 22. mesto na listi „100 najvećih gitarista svih vremena“.[11]
Diskografija
[uredi | uredi izvor]
- Freak Out! (1966)
- Absolutely Free (1967)
- Lumpy Gravy (1967)
- We're Only In It For The Money (1968)
- Cruising with Ruben & the Jets (1968)
- Uncle Meat (1969)
- Mothermania: The Best of the Mothers (1969)
- Worst of the Mothers (1969)
- The !@#$ of the Mothers of Invention (1969)
- Hot Rats (1969)
- Burnt Weeny Sandwich (1969)
- Weasels Ripped My Flesh (1970)
- Chunga's Revenge (1970)
- King Kong: Jean-Luc Ponty Plays the Music of Frank Zappa (Jean-Luc Ponty) (1970)
- Fillmore East - June 1971 (1971)
- 200 Motels (1971)
- Just Another Band From L.A. (1972)
- Waka/Jawaka (1972) (
- The Grand Wazoo (1972)
- Over-Nite Sensation (1973)
- Apostrophe (1974)
- Roxy & Elsewhere (1974)
- One Size Fits All (1975)
- Bongo Fury (1975)
- Zoot Allures (1976)
- Zappa In New York (1978)
- Studio Tan (1978)
- Sleep Dirt (1979)
- Sheik Yerbouti (1979)
- Orchestral Favorites (1979)
- Joe's Garage (1979)
- Tinseltown Rebellion (1981)
- Shut Up 'N' Play Yer Guitar (1981)
- You Are What You Is (1981)
- Ship Arriving Too Late To Save A Drowning Witch (1982)
- The Man From Utopia (1983)
- Baby Snakes (1983)
- London Symphony Orchestra vol 1 (1983)
- Boulez Conducts Zappa: The Perfect Stranger (1984)
- Them or Us (1984)
- Thing-Fish (1984)
- Francesco Zappa (1984)
- Frank Zappa Meets The Mothers Of Prevention (1985)
- Does Humor Belong In Music? (1986)
- Jazz From Hell (1986)
- London Symphony Orchestra vol 2 (1987)
- Guitar (1988)
- You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 1 (1988)
- You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 2 (1988)
- Broadway The Hard Way (1989)
- You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 3 (1989)
- The Best Band You Never Heard In Your Life (1989)
- The BRT Big Band Plays Frank Zappa (BRT Big Band) (1990)
- You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 4 (1991)
- Make A Jazz Noise Here (1991)
- Beat The Boots I 9 diskova (1991)
- As An Am (1981—82)
- The Ark (1968)
- Freaks & Motherfu*#@%! (1970)
- Unmitigated Audacity (1974)
- Anyway The Wind Blows (2 diskova) (1979)
- 'Tis The Season To Be Jelly (1967)
- Saarbrucken 1978 (1978)
- Piquantique (1973)
- Beat The Boots II 8 diskova (1992):
- Disconnected Synapses (1970)
- Tengo Na Minchia Tanta (1970)
- Electric Aunt Jemima (1968)
- At The Circus (1978)
- Swiss Cheese/Fire! (2 diska) (1971)
- Our Man In Nirvana (1968)
- Conceptual Continuity (1976)
- You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 5 (1992)
- You Can't Do That on Stage Anymore, Vol. 6 (1992)
- Playground Psychotics (1992)
- Yahozna Plays Zappa (Yahonza) (1992)
- Ahead Of Their Time (1993)
- Zappa's Universe - A Celebration Of 25 Years Of Frank Zappa's Music (Joel Thorne/Orchestra of Our Time) (1993)
- The Yellow Shark (Ensemble Modern) (1993)
- Civilization, Phaze III (1994)
- Harmonia Meets Zappa (Harmonia Ensemble) (1994)
- Strictly Commercial (1995)
- Music By Frank Zappa (Omnibus Wind Ensemble) (1995)
- The Lost Episodes (1996)
- Läther (1996)
- Frank Zappa Plays the Music of Frank Zappa: A Memorial Tribute (1996)
- Have I Offended Someone? (1997)
- Frankincense: The Muffin Men Play Zappa (Muffin Men) (1997)
- Mystery Disc (1998)
- Cucamonga Years: The Early Works of Frank Zappa 1962-1964 (1998)
- Cheep Thrills (1998)
- Son of Cheep Thrills (1999)
- Everything Is Healing Nicely (1999)
- Frankly A Cappella (The Persuasions) (2000)
- The Zappa Album (Ensemble Ambrosius) (2000
- Bohuslän Big Band plays Frank Zappa (Bohuslän Big Band) (2000)
- FZ:OZ (2002)
- Halloween (2003)
- Zappa: Greggery Peccary & Other Persuasions (Ensemble Modern) (2003)
- Joe's Corsage (2004)
- Joe's Domage (2004)
- QuAUDIOPHILIAc (2004)
Reference
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ^ a b Semley, John (9. 8. 2012). „Where to dive into Frank Zappa's weird, unwieldy discography”. The A.V. Club. Arhivirano iz originala 22. 12. 2017. g. Pristupljeno 14. 3. 2019.
- ^ „Frank Zappa | Biography, Albums, Songs, & Facts”. Encyclopedia Britannica (na jeziku: engleski). Pristupljeno 2021-01-31.
- ^ Ruhlmann, William. „Frank Zappa – Biography & History”. AllMusic. Pristupljeno 8. 8. 2017.
- ^ Whitaker, Sterling (4. 12. 2015). „The Day Frank Zappa Died”. Ultimate Classic Rock.
- ^ Maume, Chris (12. 10. 2015). „Gail Zappa: Frank Zappa's wife, muse and manager who ferociously protected his musical legacy”. The Independent. Arhivirano iz originala 10. 09. 2017. g. Pristupljeno 14. 3. 2019.
- ^ „Tako je govorio Frenk Vinsent Zapa...”. Headliner. Arhivirano iz originala 24. 01. 2018. g. Pristupljeno 23. 1. 2018.
- ^ Buckley, Peter (17. 11. 2003). The Rough Guide to Rock: [The Definitive Guide to More Than 1200 Artists and Bands] (3rd izd.). London, United Kingdom: Rough Guides. str. 1211. ISBN 978-1-84353-105-0. „As a teenager Zappa was simultaneously enthralled by black R&B (Johnny 'Guitar' Watson, Guitar Slim), doo-wop (The Channels, The Velvets), the modernism of Igor Stravinsky and Anton Webem, and the dissonant sound experiments of Edgard Varese.”
- ^ „Comedy rock”. AllMusic. Pristupljeno 14. 11. 2020.
- ^ „VH1 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock - YouTube”. YouTube. 6. 11. 2018. Pristupljeno 14. 11. 2020.
- ^ „100 Greatest Artists”. Rolling Stone. 3. 12. 2010. Pristupljeno 14. 3. 2019.
- ^ „100 Greatest Guitarists”. Rolling Stone. 18. 12. 2015. Pristupljeno 14. 3. 2019.
Literatura
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Day, Nancy (2001). Censorship: Or Freedom of Expression?. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books, Lerner Publications. ISBN 978-0-8225-2628-5.
- Delville, Michel; Norris, Andrew (2005). Frank Zappa, Captain Beefheart and the Secret History of Maximalism. Oxford: Salt Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84471-059-1.
- DeCurtis, Anthony; Henke, James with Holly George-Warren, ur. (1992). The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll. Jim Miller (Original Editor) (3rd izd.). New York: Random House. ISBN 978-0-679-73728-5.
- Gray, Michael (1984). Mother! Is the Story of Frank Zappa. London: Proteus Books. ISBN 978-0-86276-146-2.
- James, Billy (2000). Necessity Is ...: The Early Years of Frank Zappa & The Mothers of Invention. London: SAF Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-0-946719-51-8.
- Lowe, Kelly Fisher (2006). The Words and Music of Frank Zappa. Westport: Praeger Publishers. ISBN 978-0-275-98779-4.
- Martin, Bill (2002). Avant Rock: Experimental Music from the Beatles to Björk. Peru, Illinois: Open Court Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-8126-9500-7.
- MacDonald, Ian (1994). Revolution in the head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties. Fourth Estate Ltd. ISBN 978-1-85702-099-1.
- Miles, Barry (2004). Frank Zappa. London: Atlantic Books. ISBN 978-1-84354-092-2.
- Schröder, Daniel (2017). Frank Zappa: The Composer. Darmstadt: Büchner-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-941310-85-8.
- Slaven, Neil (2003). Electric Don Quixote: The Definitive Story of Frank Zappa. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-9436-2.
- Sparks, Michael (1982). Cocaine Fiends and Reefer Madness: An Illustrated History of Drugs in the Movies. New York: Cornwall Books. ISBN 978-0-8453-4504-7.
- Walley, David (1980). No Commercial Potential. The Saga of Frank Zappa. Then and Now. New York: E. P. Dutton. ISBN 978-0-525-93153-9.
- Watson, Ben (1996). Frank Zappa: The Negative Dialectics of Poodle Play. New York: St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 978-0-312-14124-0.
- Watson, Ben (2005). Frank Zappa. The Complete Guide to His Music. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1-84449-865-9.
- Zappa, Frank with Occhiogrosso, Peter (1989). The Real Frank Zappa Book. New York: Poseidon Press. ISBN 978-0-671-63870-2.
- „Frank Zappa”. The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll. New York: Simon & Schuster Inc. 1993. ISBN 978-0-684-81044-7.
Spoljašnje veze
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Zvanični veb-sajt
- A Tribute to Frank Zappa (much detailed biographical material - click on "Biography")
- Innovators Highlight Pop Music Wasteland (Frank Zappa, Captain Beefheart, Clarence White)
- Details of (3834) Zappafrank
- Philm Freax: Frank Zappa
- Zappa At Tangento's
- Don't do That On Stage Anymore, July 1995, The Wire
- the zappa patio (detailed discography including bootlegs)
- FZ Lyrics & Else (includes musicians list track by track)
- The Planet Of My Dreams (includes line-ups chronology)