Hesperidin

Hesperidin
Nazivi
	IUPAC naziv (2S)-5-hidroksi-2-(3-hidroksi-4-metoksifenil)-7-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihidroksi-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihidroksi-6-metiloksan-2-il]oksimetil]oksan-2-il]oksi-2,3-dihidrohromen-4-on
Identifikacija
CAS broj	520-26-3 ;
3D model (Jmol)	interaktivna slika;
ChEBI	CHEBI:28775 ;
ChemSpider	10176 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.536
PubChem C ID	10621;
UNII	E750O06Y6O ;
	SMILES O=C4c5c(O)cc(O[C@@H]2O[C@H](CO[C@@H]1O[C@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O)C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)cc5O[C@H](c3ccc(OC)c(O)c3)C4; ; ; ; ; ;
Svojstva
Hemijska formula	C28H34O15
Molarna masa	610,57 g·mol−1
	Ukoliko nije drugačije napomenuto, podaci se odnose na standardno stanje materijala (na 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verifikuj (šta je ?)
	Reference infokutije

Hesperidin je flavanonski glikozid koji je izobilan u citrusnom voću. Njegova aglikonska forma se naziva hesperetin. Ime potiče od hesperidnih nimfi iz Grčke mitologije. Za hesperidin se misli da učestvuje u odbrambenom mehanizmu biljki. Sudeći po in vitro ispitivanjima, on deluje kao antioksidans.^[3]

Razna preliminarna ispitivanja indiciraju da on ima specifične farmaceutske osobine, mada nije potvrđeno da su one primenljive kod ljudi. Hesperidin redukuje novo holesterola^[4] i krvnog pritiska^[5] kod pacova. U jednoj studiji na miševima, velike doze hesperidina su snizile gubitak gustine kostiju.^[6] Jedna druga studija na životinjama je pokazala protektivne efekte protiv sepse.^[7] U in vitro i laboratorijskim istraživanjima, hesperidin pokazuje antiinflamatorno dejstvo.^[8]^[9] Hesperidin je isto tako potencijalni sedativ. Moguće je da on deluje putem opioidnih ili adenozinskih receptora.^[10]^[11] Hesperidin pokazuje izraženo antikancerno dejstvo protiv nekih ljudskih karcinomnih ćelijskih linija.^[12]

Deo in vitro rezultata je primenljiv samo na aglikonsku formu. Hesperidin takođe ima sposobnost penetracije krvno moždane barijere u in vitro modelima.^[13]

Reference

^ Li Q, Cheng T, Wang Y, Bryant SH (2010). „PubChem as a public resource for drug discovery.”. Drug Discov Today. 15 (23-24): 1052—7. PMID 20970519. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.10.003. уреди
^ Evan E. Bolton; Yanli Wang; Paul A. Thiessen; Stephen H. Bryant (2008). „Chapter 12 PubChem: Integrated Platform of Small Molecules and Biological Activities”. Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry. 4: 217—241. doi:10.1016/S1574-1400(08)00012-1.
^ Hirata A, Murakami Y, Shoji M, Kadoma Y, Fujisawa S (2005). „Kinetics of radical-scavenging activity of hesperetin and hesperidin and their inhibitory activity on COX-2 expression”. Anticancer Res. 25 (5): 3367—74. PMID 16101151.
^ Monforte MT, Trovato A, Kirjavainen S, Forestieri AM, Galati EM, Lo Curto RB (1995). „Biological effects of hesperidin, a Citrus flavonoid. (note II): hypolipidemic activity on experimental hypercholesterolemia in rat”. Farmaco. 50 (9): 595—9. PMID 7495469.
^ Ohtsuki K; Abe A; Mitsuzumi H; et al. (2003). „Glucosyl hesperidin improves serum cholesterol composition and inhibits hypertrophy in vasculature”. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 49 (6): 447—50. PMID 14974738.
^ Chiba H; Uehara M; Wu J; et al. (2003). „Hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid, inhibits bone loss and decreases serum and hepatic lipids in ovariectomized mice”. J. Nutr. 133 (6): 1892—7. PMID 12771335.
^ Kawaguchi K, Kikuchi S, Hasunuma R, Maruyama H, Yoshikawa T, Kumazawa Y (2004). „A citrus flavonoid hesperidin suppresses infection-induced endotoxin shock in mice”. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 27 (5): 679—83. PMID 15133244. doi:10.1248/bpb.27.679.
^ Emim JA, Oliveira AB, Lapa AJ (1994). „Pharmacological evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of a citrus bioflavonoid, hesperidin, and the isoflavonoids, duartin and claussequinone, in rats and mice”. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46 (2): 118—22. PMID 8021799.
^ Galati EM, Monforte MT, Kirjavainen S, Forestieri AM, Trovato A, Tripodo MM (1994). „Biological effects of hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid. (Note I): antiinflammatory and analgesic activity”. Farmaco. 40 (11): 709—12. PMID 7832973.
^ Loscalzo LM, Wasowski C, Paladini AC, Marder M (2008). „Opioid receptors are involved in the sedative and antinociceptive effects of hesperidin as well as in its potentiation with benzodiazepines”. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 580 (3): 306—13. PMID 18048026. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.11.011.
^ Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Navarrete A (2009). „Pharmacological exploration of the sedative mechanism of hesperidin identified as the active principle of Citrus sinensis flowers”. Planta Med. 75 (4): 295—301. PMID 19219759. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1185306.
^ Al-Ashaal HA, El-Sheltawy ST"Antioxidant capacity of hesperidin from citrus peel using electron spin resonance and cytotoxic activity against human carcinoma cell lines. Pharm Biol. 2011 Mar;49(3):276-82
^ Youdim KA, Dobbie MS, Kuhnle G, Proteggente AR, Abbott NJ, Rice-Evans C (2003). „Interaction between flavonoids and the blood-brain barrier: in vitro studies”. J. Neurochem. 85 (1): 180—92. PMID 12641740. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01652.x.

Spoljašnje veze

[1] Li Q, Cheng T, Wang Y, Bryant SH (2010). „PubChem as a public resource for drug discovery.”. Drug Discov Today. 15 (23-24): 1052—7. PMID 20970519. doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2010.10.003. уреди

[2] Evan E. Bolton; Yanli Wang; Paul A. Thiessen; Stephen H. Bryant (2008). „Chapter 12 PubChem: Integrated Platform of Small Molecules and Biological Activities”. Annual Reports in Computational Chemistry. 4: 217—241. doi:10.1016/S1574-1400(08)00012-1.

[3] Hirata A, Murakami Y, Shoji M, Kadoma Y, Fujisawa S (2005). „Kinetics of radical-scavenging activity of hesperetin and hesperidin and their inhibitory activity on COX-2 expression”. Anticancer Res. 25 (5): 3367—74. PMID 16101151.

[4] Monforte MT, Trovato A, Kirjavainen S, Forestieri AM, Galati EM, Lo Curto RB (1995). „Biological effects of hesperidin, a Citrus flavonoid. (note II): hypolipidemic activity on experimental hypercholesterolemia in rat”. Farmaco. 50 (9): 595—9. PMID 7495469.

[5] Ohtsuki K; Abe A; Mitsuzumi H; et al. (2003). „Glucosyl hesperidin improves serum cholesterol composition and inhibits hypertrophy in vasculature”. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 49 (6): 447—50. PMID 14974738.

[6] Chiba H; Uehara M; Wu J; et al. (2003). „Hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid, inhibits bone loss and decreases serum and hepatic lipids in ovariectomized mice”. J. Nutr. 133 (6): 1892—7. PMID 12771335.

[7] Kawaguchi K, Kikuchi S, Hasunuma R, Maruyama H, Yoshikawa T, Kumazawa Y (2004). „A citrus flavonoid hesperidin suppresses infection-induced endotoxin shock in mice”. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 27 (5): 679—83. PMID 15133244. doi:10.1248/bpb.27.679.

[8] Emim JA, Oliveira AB, Lapa AJ (1994). „Pharmacological evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of a citrus bioflavonoid, hesperidin, and the isoflavonoids, duartin and claussequinone, in rats and mice”. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 46 (2): 118—22. PMID 8021799.

[9] Galati EM, Monforte MT, Kirjavainen S, Forestieri AM, Trovato A, Tripodo MM (1994). „Biological effects of hesperidin, a citrus flavonoid. (Note I): antiinflammatory and analgesic activity”. Farmaco. 40 (11): 709—12. PMID 7832973.

[10] Loscalzo LM, Wasowski C, Paladini AC, Marder M (2008). „Opioid receptors are involved in the sedative and antinociceptive effects of hesperidin as well as in its potentiation with benzodiazepines”. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 580 (3): 306—13. PMID 18048026. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.11.011.

[11] Guzmán-Gutiérrez SL, Navarrete A (2009). „Pharmacological exploration of the sedative mechanism of hesperidin identified as the active principle of Citrus sinensis flowers”. Planta Med. 75 (4): 295—301. PMID 19219759. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1185306.

[12] Al-Ashaal HA, El-Sheltawy ST"Antioxidant capacity of hesperidin from citrus peel using electron spin resonance and cytotoxic activity against human carcinoma cell lines. Pharm Biol. 2011 Mar;49(3):276-82

[13] Youdim KA, Dobbie MS, Kuhnle G, Proteggente AR, Abbott NJ, Rice-Evans C (2003). „Interaction between flavonoids and the blood-brain barrier: in vitro studies”. J. Neurochem. 85 (1): 180—92. PMID 12641740. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01652.x.

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