Блуна
Bluna | |
---|---|
Morus bassanus | |
oglašavanje blune | |
Naučna klasifikacija | |
Carstvo: | |
Tip: | |
Klasa: | |
Red: | |
Porodica: | |
Rod: | |
Vrsta: | M. bassanus
|
Binomno ime | |
Morus bassanus (Linnaeus, 1758)
| |
Rasprostranjenost blune | |
Sinonimi | |
Sula bassana L. |
Bluna (lat. Morus bassanus) vrsta je morske ptice i najveći predstavnik istoimene porodice.
Opis
[uredi | uredi izvor]Mladunci su tamnosmeđi tokom prve godine života i postepeno dobijaju sve više i više bele sve dok ne odrastu nakon pet godina. Odrasli su dugi 81-110 centimetara i teški 2,2-3,6 kilograma. Imaju raspon krila od 165-180 centimetara.[2][3] Pre nego što dobiju perje, mlade ptice (stare oko 10 nedelja) mogu težiti i preko 4 kg. Perje im je belo sa crnim vrhovima pera na krilima. Kljun je lagan i plavkast. Oči su svetloplave i okružuje ih gola crna koža. Tokom sezone parenja glava i vrat dobijaju žućkastu boju.
Rasprostranjenost
[uredi | uredi izvor]Njihov areal je Severni Atlantik. Obično se gnezde u velikim kolonijama, na liticama sa pogledom na more. Najveća kolonija živi na ostrvu Bonaventur u Kvebeku i broji preko 60 000 parova.[4] Međutim, 68% svetske populacije bluna razmnožava se u priobalju britanskih ostrva, i to:
- na istočnoj obali Škotske 2004. je zabeleženo 48 000 gnezda[5]
- na Hebridima, gde je najveća kolonija ovih ptica u Evropi koja broji više od 60 000 gnezda
- na Islandu, gde se gnezdi izmežu 14 i 15 000 parova.[6][7]
To su ptice selice i većina zimuje na moru, u Južnom Atlantiku.
Galerija
[uredi | uredi izvor]-
Prenošenje materijala za izradu gnezda
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Jaje blune
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Ptić
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Mlada ptica
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Juvenilna jedinka sa braon perjem
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Bluna tokom lova
Reference
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ^ BirdLife International (2018). „Morus bassanus”. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019.3. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Pristupljeno 23. 1. 2020.
- ^ Reinsch 1969, pp. 15
- ^ Nelson 2005, pp. 587 harvnb greška: više ciljeva (2×): CITEREFNelson2005 (help)
- ^ Nelson 2002, pp. 27
- ^ Nelson 2005, pp. 311 harvnb greška: više ciljeva (2×): CITEREFNelson2005 (help)
- ^ Reinsch 1969, pp. 31
- ^ „Eldey island”. eldey.is Eldey island webpage. Pristupljeno 26. 11. 2010.
Literatura
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Nelson, J. Bryan (2005). Pelicans, Cormorants and their relatives. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-857727-0.
- Reinsch, Hans Heinrich (1969). Der Basstölpel, Sula bassana (Linné 1758) (na jeziku: nemački). Wittenberg: Ziemsen Verlag.
- Attenborough, David (1998). The Life of Birds. London: British Broadcasting Corporation. ISBN 978-0-563-38792-3.
- Broom, Donald M. (2009). Biology of Behaviour: Mechanisms, functions and applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29906-0.
- Cocker, Mark (2005). Birds Britannica. London: Chatto & Windus. ISBN 978-0-7011-6907-7.
- Cocker, Mark (2013). Birds and People. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 978-0-224-08174-0.
- Cramp, Stanley; Simmons, Ken E. L. (1977). Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa: The Birds of the Western Palearctic. Volume I: Ostrich to Ducks. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-857358-6.
- Dempsey, Eric; O'Clery, Michael (2002). The Complete Guide to Ireland's Birds (2 izd.). Dublin: Gill Books. ISBN 978-0-7171-3401-4.
- Flack, Leah Culligan (2015). Modernism and Homer: The Odysseys of H.D., James Joyce, Osip Mandelstam, and Ezra Pound. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-10803-5.
- Fowler, Robert (2004). The Cambridge Companion to Homer. Cambridge Companions to Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-01246-1.
- Gessner, Conrad (1560). Icones avivm omnivm (na jeziku: latinski). Zurich: Excvudebat C. Froschovervus.
- Gurney, John Henry (1903). The Gannet: a Bird with a History. London: Witherby.
- Haswell-Smith, Hamish (2004). The Scottish Islands. Edinburgh: Canongate. ISBN 978-1-84195-454-7.
- Hume, Rob; Pearson, Bruce (1993). Seabirds. Hamlyn Bird Behaviour Guides. London: Hamlyn. ISBN 978-0-600-57951-9.
- Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- Linnaeus, Carl (1758). Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Synonymis, Locis (na jeziku: latinski). Vol. I (10th revised izd.). Stockholm, Sweden: (Laurentii Salvii).
- Lockwood, W. B. (1993). The Oxford Dictionary of British Bird Names. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-866196-2.
- Nelson, J. Bryan (2010) [1978]. The Gannet. London: A&C Black. ISBN 978-1-4081-3857-1.
- Nelson, J. Bryan (2005). Pelicans, Cormorants and their relatives. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-857727-0.
- Polaszek, Andrew (2010). Systema Naturae 250 – The Linnaean Ark. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9502-9.
- Rothschild, Miriam; Clay, Theresa (1957). Fleas, Flukes and Cuckoos. A study of bird parasites. New York: Macmillan.
- Taylor, Marianne (2016). RSPB Seabirds. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-4729-0901-5.
- Vieillot, Louis Jean Pierre (1816). Analyse d'une nouvelle ornithologie élémentaire (na jeziku: francuski). Paris: Déterville.
- Weaver, Peter (2010) [1981]. The Birdwatcher's Dictionary. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4081-3852-6.
- Willughby, Francis (1681). The Ornithology of Francis Willughby of Middleton in the County of Warwick, esq. ... :. London: A.C. for John Martyn.
Spoljašnje veze
[uredi | uredi izvor]- „Bluna”. Internet Bird Collection.