Dinastija Suej
Istorija Kine | |||||||
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ANTIKA | |||||||
Neolit c. 8500 – c. 2070 p. n. e. | |||||||
Dinastija Sja c. 2070 – c. 1600 p. n. e. | |||||||
Dinastija Šang c. 1600 – c. 1046 p. n. e. | |||||||
Dinastija Džou c. 1046 – 256 p. n. e. | |||||||
Zapadni Džou | |||||||
Istočni Džou | |||||||
Proleće i Jesen | |||||||
Zaraćene države | |||||||
CARSTVO | |||||||
Dinastija Ćin 221–206 p. n. e. | |||||||
Dinastija Han 206 p. n. e. – 220 n. e. | |||||||
Zapadni Han | |||||||
Dinastija Sin | |||||||
Istočni Han | |||||||
Tri kraljevstva 220–280 | |||||||
Vej, Šu i Vu | |||||||
Dinastija Đin 265–420 | |||||||
Zapadni Đin | |||||||
Istočni Đin | Šesnaest kraljevstava | ||||||
Južne i Sjeverne dinastije 420–589 | |||||||
Dinastija Suej 581–618 | |||||||
Dinastija Tang 618–907 | |||||||
(Druga Džou dinastija 690–705) | |||||||
Pet dinastija i deset kraljevstava 907–960 |
Dinastija Ljao 907–1125 | ||||||
Dinastija Sung 960–1279 |
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Severni Sung | Zapadni Sja | ||||||
Južni Sung | Đin | ||||||
Dinastija Juan 1271–1368 | |||||||
Dinastija Ming 1368–1644 | |||||||
Dinastija Ćing 1644–1911 | |||||||
SAVREMENO DOBA | |||||||
Republika Kina 1912–1949 | |||||||
Narodna Republika Kina 1949–sadašnjost |
Republika Kina (Tajvan) 1949–sadašnjost | ||||||
Dinastija Suej je bila dinastija kineskih careva, osnovana godine 581. u severnoj Kini od strane Jang Đijena, dotadašnjeg službenika, odnosno regenta dinastije Severni Džou, koji je za sebe uzeo ime car Ven.[1] Godine 589. njegove trupe su zauzele južnu Kinu, okončavši vladavinu poslednje južne dinastije Čen i tako ponovno ujedinivši Kinu nakon četvrt veka razjedinjenosti. Nastojeći učvrstiti svoje dostignuće car Ven, isto kao i njegov sin i naslednik car Jang su izveli niz dalekosežnih reformi, pre svega usmerenih na standardizaciju novca, sistem jednakih polja (koji je trebalo da smanji socijalne razlike među podanicima), obnovu Velikog zida, novi upravni sistem poznat koa Tri odeljenja i Šest ministarstava, promovisanje budizma, i što se često smatra najvažnijim, dovršetak Velikog kanala koji je prvi put stvorio prometnu vezu Severne i Južne Kine, i tako u sledećim vekovima omogućio obnovu kulturnih veza i nacionalnog jedinstva.
Ven je sve te reforme sprovodio s nedostatkom bilo kakvih skrupula i obzira prema podanicima, a što je posebno došlo do izražaja kod njegovog sina i naslednika Janga kome su nedostajale njegove političke sposobnosti. Njegovi megalomanski projekti, a posebno katastrofalni pohodi na korejsku državu Kogure su finansijski, ljudski i materijalno iscrpeli njegove podanike, a što se od početka 610-ih odrazilo kroz niz seljačkih ustanaka i pobuna, koji su na kraju doveli do Jangovog ubistva.[2][3][4] Kratki period meteža, međutim, brzo je okončan i vlast je preuzela Dinastija Tang koja će, temeljeći se na dostignućima Suejja, stvoriti dug period mira, blagostanja i napretka. To je razlog zbog kojih kineski istoričari vole dinastiju Suej uspoređivati s ranijom dinastijom Ćin koja je takođe kratko trajala, ali stvorila temelj za daleko uspešniju dinastiju Han.
Dinastija Suej
[uredi | uredi izvor]Kineski: 隋朝 (Suícháo)
Dinastija Suej je bila na vlasti od 581. do 618. godine.
Posthumno ime | Hramovno ime | Lično ime | Vladarsko ime | Period vladavine |
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Konvencija za navođenje: posthumno ime. | ||||
Car Ven 文帝 (Wéndì) |
Gao-cu 高祖 (Gāozǔ) |
Jang Đijen 杨监 (Yáng Jiān) |
Kai-huang (开皇) Žen-šou (仁寿) |
581-600 601-604. |
Car Jang 炀帝 (Yángdì) |
Š’-cu 世祖 (Shìzǔ) |
Jang Guang 杨广 (Yáng Guǎng) |
Da-je (大业) | 604-617. |
Car Gung 恭帝 (Gōngdì) |
nema | Jang Jou 杨侑 (Yáng Yòu) |
Ji-ning (义宁) | 617-618.[a] |
Car Lung 隆帝 (Lóngdì) |
nema | Jang Hao 杨浩 (Yáng Hào) |
nema | 618.[a] |
Car Ai 哀帝 (Āidì) |
nema | Jang Dung 杨侗 (Yáng Dòng) |
Huang-tai (皇泰) | 618-619.[a] |
Napomene
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ^ a b v Godine 617, pobunjenički general Li Ju Juen (kasnije car Gaocu Tang) deklarisao je unuka cara Janga Jang Jua carom (kao car Gong) i „poštovao” je cara Janga kao Tajšang Huang (penzionisanog cara) u zapadnoj prestonici Dasing (Čangan), ali su samo zapovednici pod Lijevom kontrolom priznali tu promenu; za ostale zapovednike pod Suejovom kontrolom, car Jang je još uvek smatran carom, a ne bivšim carom. Nakon što je vest o smrti cara Janga 618. godine dosegla do Dasinga i istočne prestonice Luojang, Li Juen je svrgao cara Gonga i prisvojio tron za sebe, uspostavljajući dinastiju Tang, dok su Suijevi zvaničnici u Luojangu deklarisali carom Gongovog brata Jang Tonga (kasnije takođe poznatog kao car Gong tokom kratkotrajne vladavine Vang Šičonga nad regionom kao car kratkotrajne Dženg (鄭) države). U međuvremenu, Juven Huađi, general pod čijim vođstvom je sprovedena zavera da se ubije car Jang, deklarisao je unuka cara Vena Jang Haoa carem, ali ga je kasnije ubio 618. godine i deklarisao sebe carem kratkotrajne Džju (許) države. Kako je Jang Hao bio u potpunosti pod Juvenovom kontrolom i samo je kratko „vladao”, on se obično ne smatra legitimnim carom drave Sui, dok je legitimnost Jang Tonga u većoj meri prepoznatljiva među istoričarima, mada je još uvek predmet debata.
Reference
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ^ Taagepera, Rein (1979). „Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D”. Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 129. JSTOR 1170959. doi:10.2307/1170959.
- ^ „Koguryo”. Encyclopædia Britannica. Pristupljeno 15. 10. 2013.
- ^ Byeon, Tae-seop (1999) 韓國史通論 (Outline of Korean history), 4th ed, Unknown Publisher. ISBN 978-89-445-9101-3.
- ^ „Complex of Koguryo Tombs”. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Pristupljeno 24. 10. 2013.
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Spoljašnje veze
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Sui Dynasty
- History of China: A good catalogue of info Архивирано на сајту Wayback Machine (22. април 2017)