Spisak papskih konklava
Do 2023. godine je bilo 110 papskih izbora koje Katolička crkva trenutno priznaje kao legitimne. Sve do 1059. godine, nije postojao ustaljeni proces za papsko nasleđe, i pape su često birani uz značajno svetovno učešće, ako ne i direktnim imenovanjem. Od proglašenja papske bule, In nomine Domini (1059). godine, koju je izdao Papa Nikola II, pravo glasa je ograničeno na Kardinalski zbor.[1]
Papski izbori od 1276. godine poprimaju oblik papskih konklava, odnosno izbora kojeg prati skup pravila i procedura propisanih u dekretu Ubi periculum (1274) i kasnijim papskim bulama. Poštovanje pravila konklave variralo je do 1294. godine, ali su svi papski izbori od tada pratili relativno slične procedure konklave.
Iako su se kardinali, istorijski gledano, okupljali na nekolicini drugih lokacija u Rimu i šire, samo pet izbora od 1455. godine održano je izvan Apostolske palate.[2] Van Rima održano je dvadeset osam papskih izbora u: Teračini (1088), Kluniju (1119), Veletriju (1181), Veroni (1185), Ferari (oktobar 1187), Pizi (decembar 1187), Peruđi (1216, 1264. – 1265, 1285, 1292 – 1294, 1304 – 1305), Ananji (1243), Napulju (1254, 1294), Viterbou (1261 – 1268 – 1271, jul 1276, avgust – septembar 1276, 1277, 1281 - 1282), u Arecu (januar 1276), Karpentrasu / Lionu (1314—1316), Avinjoni (1334, 1342, 1352, 1362, 1370), Konstanci (1417) i Veneciji (1799—1800). Lokacije tri izbora su menjane dok su izbori bili u toku i to tokom izbora 1268–71, 1292–94 i 1314–16. godine.
Papski izbori
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Kurzivom su ispisani izbori na kojima su izabrani poglavari (pape) koje Katolička crkva trenutno smatra antipapama.
Vidi još
[uredi | uredi izvor]Reference
[uredi | uredi izvor]- ^ Johannes Baptist Sägmüller, "Cardinal" in Catholic Encyclopedia (1913).
- ^ a b Baumgartner, Frederic J. (2003). ""I Will Observe Absolute and Perpetual Secrecy:" The Historical Background of the Rigid Secrecy Found in Papal Elections". Catholic Historical Review. Vol. 89, Issue 2. pp. 165–181.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 19–24.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 24–25.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 25–26.
- ^ a b Baumgartner, 2003, str. 26.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 26–27.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 27–28.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 28–29.
- ^ a b Baumgartner, 2003, str. 29–31.
- ^ a b v g Baumgartner, 2003, str. 31.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 31–32.
- ^ a b Baumgartner, 2003, str. 32–33.
- ^ a b Baumgartner, 2003, str. 33.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 33–34.
- ^ a b v g Baumgartner, 2003, str. 34.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 34–35.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 35.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 35–36.
- ^ a b Baumgartner, 2003, str. 36.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 36–37.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 37–39.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 40.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 40–41.
- ^ Walsh, Michael J. (2003). The Conclave. str. 8. ISBN 1-58051-135-X.
- ^ a b Baumgartner, 2003, str. 41.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 42.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 42–43.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 43.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 43–45.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 45–46.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 47–48.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 48–49.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 49–50.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 50–51.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 51.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 52–53.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 54.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 54–55.
- ^ a b Baumgartner, 2003, str. 55-60.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 60–61.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 61.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 62.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 62–63.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 63.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 63–64.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 64–66.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 67.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 68–69.
- ^ a b v g d đ e Chambers, DS. 1978. "Papal Conclaves and Prophetic Mystery in the Sistine Chapel". Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes, Vol. 41: pp. 322–326
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 69.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 70.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 71–73.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 73–77.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 77–79.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 79–81.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 81–83.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 84–85.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 86–89.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 89.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 91–93.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 95–98.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 98-101.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 102–103.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 104–110.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 111–112.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 112–113.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 116–120.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 121–123.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 125–126.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 127–130.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 132–134.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 134–135.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 136.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 136–138.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 139–142.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 142.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 143–145.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 147–149.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 153–154.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 155–157.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 157–159.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 159–161.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 161–162.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 163–164.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 164–166.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 167.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 168–170.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 170–171.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 171–173.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 173–175.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 175–176.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 176–178.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 179–180.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 182–184.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 186–187.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 188–189.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 189–190.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 191–193.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 195–199.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 201–204.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 206–208.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 209–210.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 212–213.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 215–218.
- ^ Baumgartner, 2003, str. 219–222.
- ^ a b Baumgartner, 2003, str. 223–227.
- ^ Greeley, Andrew M.: The Making of the Pope: 2005. Brown, Little. . 2005. ISBN 0-316-86149-9. Nedostaje ili je prazan parametar
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(pomoć) - ^ Lyman, Eric J. (1 March 2013). "Vatican summons cardinals for conclave". USA Today. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
- ^ „Argentine Cardinal Bergoglio elected pope, takes name Francis”. 13. 3. 2013.
Literatura
[uredi | uredi izvor]- Baumgartner, Frederic J. (2003). Behind Locked Doors: A History of the Papal Elections. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-29463-8.
Spoljašnje veze
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